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6) Gallons per day:   APEC's smallest system makes 36/45 gal/day, but we don't need that much drinking water!

Yes, we know nobody uses 36 or 90 gallons of drinking water a day. But you have to see this as the "speed" with which the RO system makes the drinking water. For example, a typical RO makes 15 GPD. This means it only produces about 0.6 gallons of water per hour at the standard pressure 60 psi and at the at standard temperature 77 °F. So you need to wait at least 5-7 hours for a 3 gallon tank to fill! Not to mention, if your pressure is on the low side, and if it is winter time (average winter U.S. water temperature is only 35°F), then easily you can wait around for up to half a day (12 hours) just for the tank to be filled again! Now you see why a higher quality system needs to take speed into account. Let's take a look at our 36/45 GPD Ultra RO System: it is going to only take about 1.7–3 hours for it to fill your tank*. What a difference! Now you think 36/45 GPD is a good speed for a system, right! 
* actual result depends on your input water pressure and temperature.

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Facts On Reverse Osmosis Water Filters

Reverse osmosis, also known as hyperfiltration, is the finest filtration known. This process will allow the removal of particles as small as ions from a solution. Reverse osmosis is used to purify water and remove salts and other impurities in order to improve the color, taste or properties of the fluid. It can be used to purify fluids such as ethanol and glycol, which will pass through the reverse osmosis membrane, while rejecting other ions and contaminants from passing. The most common use for reverse osmosis is in purifying water. It is used to produce water that meets the most demanding specifications that are currently in place.

Reverse osmosis uses a membrane that is semi-permeable, allowing the fluid that is being purified to pass through it, while rejecting the contaminants that remain. Most reverse osmosis technology uses a process known as crossflow to allow the membrane to continually clean itself. As some of the fluid passes through the membrane the rest continues downstream, sweeping the rejected species away from the membrane. The process of reverse osmosis requires a driving force to push the fluid through the membrane, and the most common force is pressure from a pump. The higher the pressure, the larger the driving force. As the concentration of the fluid being rejected increases, the driving force required to continue concentrating the fluid increases.

Reverse osmosis is capable of rejecting bacteria, salts, sugars, proteins, particles, dyes, and other constituents that have a molecular weight of greater than 150-250 daltons. The separation of ions with reverse osmosis is aided by charged particles. This means that dissolved ions that carry a charge, such as salts, are more likely to be rejected by the membrane than those that are not charged, such as organics. The larger the charge and the larger the particle, the more likely it will be rejected.

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